It is a condition in which the blood vessels in the lungs become blocked by a blood clot. Pulmonary embolismIt occurs when clots formed as a result of deep vein thrombosis in the legs are carried to the lungs. It can be fatal if left untreated. Treatment usually uses blood thinners and sometimes surgery.
Pulmonary Embolism Symptoms
Akciğerlerdeki kan damarlarının bir kan pıhtısı tarafından tıkanması durumudur. Bacaklardaki derin ven trombozu sonucu oluşan pıhtıların akciğere taşınmasıyla meydana gelir.
Sudden onset and gradually worsening shortness of breath is one of the most common symptoms.
A sharp pain in the chest may be felt when breathing deeply, coughing, or sometimes even while sitting.
It can be seen among the symptoms of cough. Sometimes it may be accompanied by bloody sputum.
An increased heart rate or irregular beats may be felt.
Dizziness or fainting may occur due to decreased blood flow.
As the oxygen level decreases, a bluish discoloration may occur on the lips and skin.
Sudden and severe sweating may occur.
It is often associated with deep vein thrombosis in the legs. Therefore, there may be pain or swelling in the legs.
Pulmonary embolism symptoms If you experience it, you should consult your doctor. It is a manageable condition with early diagnosis and treatment. However, if left untreated, it can lead to serious complications and even death.
Who Gets Pulmonary Embolism?
The risk is higher in people with inherited blood clotting disorders. Sitting for long periods of time and prolonged bed rest cause blood to clot in the leg veins. And this can cause clots to travel to the lungs. The risk is especially increased in people who have had surgery on the legs or pelvic area.
The risk increases in people with some chronic diseases such as cancer. During pregnancy, the tendency of the body's blood to clot increases. This increases the risk. Birth control pills and hormone treatments containing estrogen may increase the risk. Obesity and smoking also increase the risk. Advanced age and heart disease increase the risk.
Some chronic conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, may also increase the risk. People with any of these factors may be at higher risk. However, pulmonary embolism It can affect anyone. Risk factors may differ in each individual. In case of any symptoms, it is important to consult a cardiovascular surgeon.
How is Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosed?
Diagnosis can be made through various medical tests and procedures. The patient's symptoms, history and risk factors are evaluated by the doctor. The D-Dimer blood test measures levels of D-dimer, a product formed in the process of dissolving blood clots. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography is the test frequently used to diagnose the disease.
Detailed images of the lungs are taken. The presence of clots in blood vessels is investigated. The Ventilation-Perfusion scan evaluates the ventilation and blood flow of the lungs. Abnormalities may indicate disease. An echocardiography ultrasound test takes images of the heart and heart valves.
This disease can create additional burden on the heart. Effects can be observed with this test. Pulmonary angiography is a more invasive test. It is usually used if other tests are not conclusive. A catheter is passed into the lungs through blood vessels. Contrast material is injected and blood vessels are visualized with x-rays.
Venous ultrasound can be used to check for the presence of deep vein thrombosis in the legs. Every patient's situation is different. The doctor decides which tests will be used. Diagnosis of pulmonary embolism The process varies depending on the severity of symptoms. It may also vary depending on the patient's health status and existing risk factors.
Pulmonary Embolism Treatment
Treatment usually requires immediate intervention. The first step is usually the use of anticoagulant medications, which prevent blood clotting. These prevent existing clots from growing. It prevents the formation of new clots. In severe cases, medications called thrombolytics may be used to dissolve the clot. However, this treatment may increase the risk of bleeding.
In some cases, especially large life-threatening clots, surgical intervention may be required. During this procedure, doctors remove the clot directly. In those with contraindications to anticoagulant medications, an inferior vena cava filter can be placed. This filter prevents blood clots from reaching the lungs.
Every patient's situation is different. Pulmonary embolism treatment Options must be determined on an individual basis. The patient's health history and current health condition are taken into consideration. The most appropriate treatment method is selected taking into account the severity of the disease.
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